Desktop research on new entrant business and entry models and analyses of educational resources
Several hurdles occur for new entrants throughout Europe. These are in particular access to land, capital, labour, markets, and housing as well as business skills, knowledge development, and social networks. Access to land is consistently found to be the largest barrier to new entrants to farming across Europe. Not only the successors face hurdles, but also that outgoing farmers face barriers relating to housing, retirement financing, losing the farmer’s role, identity, and status. Farm income is identified as one key hurdle. Most farm types experience years where income is marginal or even negative. Within these periods, new entrants are vulnerable with regard to farm viability and remaining in business. Both successors and new entrants face significant challenges when becoming farmers.
One of the aims of Newbie is to identify the various new entrant business and entry models, and how they are embedded in education and training. Deliverable 2.1 is a Newbie publication and contains the desktop research on new entrant business and entry models and analyses of educational resources, which each country prepared separately and which were summarised by the FH Südwestfalen and the TEAGASC team. The focus if this document is to get an impression of existing advisory services, to identify strengths, weaknesses, obstacles and needs as well as to identify new business and entry models. This stocktaking was done once at the beginning of the project and will be done again a second time in the third year. The repetition is intended to update the models described or used.